Clinical Pathology.

Clinical pathology is a medical specialty that involves the diagnosis of disease and the use of laboratory testing to study bodily fluids and tissues. It encompasses a wide range of laboratory-based disciplines that aid in diagnosing diseases, monitoring treatment, and understanding the underlying mechanisms of various health conditions.

Clinical pathology includes several subspecialties:

• Clinical Chemistry: Focuses on analyzing blood and other body fluids to measure chemicals, enzymes, hormones, and electrolytes to assess organ function and diagnose conditions like diabetes, kidney disease, and metabolic disorders.

• Hematology: Involves the study of blood cells, their formation, function, and abnormalities. It includes tests such as complete blood count (CBC), coagulation studies, and blood cell morphology to diagnose blood-related disorders.

• Microbiology: Deals with identifying and studying microorganisms like bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites that cause infections. Tests include cultures, sensitivity testing, and molecular techniques to guide appropriate antimicrobial therapy.

• Immunology and Serology: Focuses on the immune system and antibodies in the body. Tests help diagnose autoimmune diseases, allergies, and infections by detecting specific antibodies or immune system responses.

• Anatomic Pathology: This field examines tissues obtained from biopsies or surgical specimens to diagnose diseases such as cancer or infections through microscopic examination and specialized staining techniques